Abstract

Political movements have always been one of the social dynamics in the formation of human society and bring about significant changes in each country in order to meet the demands of the people. The recent movements in the Middle East known as the Islamic awakening of the social movements of the present century is the origin of fundamental changes in the whole region. Addressing of causes of these movements from the perspective of political sociology is very important so that they can detect the direction of the next movement. Accordingly, the present paper from the perspective of political sociology and social gaps using qualitative research methods first deals the formation of the reasons for the recent movement in the Middle East and then examined with two Iran "revolutionary" and Turkey "reformation” as a successful model for the management of social divisions.