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The Factors and Contexts of the Emergence and Strengthening of Hezbollah in Lebanon in the 1980s, with emphasis on the Role of Iran

    Authors

    • Mohsen Bagheri 1
    • EnayatollahYazdani Yazdani 2
    • Mohammad Ali Basiri 3

    1 Ph.D. of International Relations from Department of Political Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

    2 Professor of International Relations at the Department Political Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran and School of International Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China,

    3 Associate Professor of International Relations, Department Political Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

,

Document Type : Research Paper

10.30479/psiw.2023.17793.3149
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Abstract

Purpose: The Iranian Islamic Revolution had a great impact on the establishment and growth of Hezbollah in Lebanon at the start of the 1980s. Middle East experts have focused on Iran's involvement as a regional actor in establishing influence for this Shiite movement through a strategy of resistance from a tiny guerrilla and militia force. Therefore, the purpose of this essay is to describe how Iran contributed to the birth of Hezbollah as well as the development and growth of this movement.
Method: This paper is written using a descriptive-analytical methodology and was based on resources from the Internet and libraries.
Findings: The paper's findings show that two aspects of identity—security and material survival—have played a significant role in the emergence and formation of Hezbollah and that Iran's Islamic Revolution and its actions have been influenced in various ways in the emergence and strengthening of this anti-Israel Shiite movement at the beginning of the 1980s. This anti-Israel Shiite movement has been manifested on the one hand in the form of the formation of Hezbollah's identity and the creation of the anti-Zionist resistance's identity within it; on the other hand, it has increased the military mobilization of Shiites, and organized, united, and strengthened their military power in accordance with the Islamic Revolution within the framework. This is a result of the close alignment between Iran's strategic and ideological priorities regarding Hezbollah, which also provided for Iran's ideological and strategic interests and gradually improved Hezbollah's position for Iran and Syria, going from a local actor in the 1980s to a strategic asset at the regional level in recent decades.
Conclusion: The ideology of Shia political Islam, which is based on realistic considerations of Iran in the Arab World, specifically Lebanon, and the issue and ideal of Palestine and confronting Israel, are factors in the formation of Hezbollah in Lebanon. The alliance between Iran and Syria also had an impact on the issue.
 
 

Keywords

  • Shiite Political Islam
  • Survival
  • Balance of Threat
  • Struggle with Israel
  • Lebanese Hezbollah Movement
  • Identity
  • Iran's Islamic Revolution

Main Subjects

  • The Strategic Issues
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References
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Political studies of Islamic world
Volume 12, Issue 2 - Serial Number 46
July 2023
Pages 1-32
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  • Article View: 808
  • PDF Download: 746

APA

Bagheri, M. , Yazdani, E. and Basiri, M. A. (2023). The Factors and Contexts of the Emergence and Strengthening of Hezbollah in Lebanon in the 1980s, with emphasis on the Role of Iran. Political studies of Islamic world, 12(2), 1-32. doi: 10.30479/psiw.2023.17793.3149

MLA

Bagheri, M. , , Yazdani, E. , and Basiri, M. A. . "The Factors and Contexts of the Emergence and Strengthening of Hezbollah in Lebanon in the 1980s, with emphasis on the Role of Iran", Political studies of Islamic world, 12, 2, 2023, 1-32. doi: 10.30479/psiw.2023.17793.3149

HARVARD

Bagheri, M., Yazdani, E., Basiri, M. A. (2023). 'The Factors and Contexts of the Emergence and Strengthening of Hezbollah in Lebanon in the 1980s, with emphasis on the Role of Iran', Political studies of Islamic world, 12(2), pp. 1-32. doi: 10.30479/psiw.2023.17793.3149

CHICAGO

M. Bagheri , E. Yazdani and M. A. Basiri, "The Factors and Contexts of the Emergence and Strengthening of Hezbollah in Lebanon in the 1980s, with emphasis on the Role of Iran," Political studies of Islamic world, 12 2 (2023): 1-32, doi: 10.30479/psiw.2023.17793.3149

VANCOUVER

Bagheri, M., Yazdani, E., Basiri, M. A. The Factors and Contexts of the Emergence and Strengthening of Hezbollah in Lebanon in the 1980s, with emphasis on the Role of Iran. Political studies of Islamic world, 2023; 12(2): 1-32. doi: 10.30479/psiw.2023.17793.3149

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